Which social and political class dominated Europe in the mid-eighteenth century?

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the monarchy

the educated middle-class elite

the absolute monarch

the nobility

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

In the mid-eighteenth century, before nationalism took hold in Europe, the nobility or the aristocratic class ruled the regions socially and politically. In both the cities and the countryside, the aristocracy owned most of the land. They frequently took advantage of the peasants, levied hefty taxes, and provided loans with outrageous interest rates. However, with the industrial revolution, when people began progressively relocating to towns and working in factories, their dominance began to decline. With the rise of nationalism in Europe, the authority of these noble classes was also questioned. The working and commercial classes eventually evolved and gained power over time, particularly in the Western and Central regions.

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