Which state has the single largest area under jhum cultivation?

The Indian state with the single largest area under Jhum (shifting) cultivation is Mizoram. More than 50% of Mizoram’s total cultivated land is under Jhum cultivation, making it the state where this traditional agricultural practice is most widespread.

Key Details

1. State: Mizoram
2. Local name: Lo or Jhumming
3. Extent: Over 50% of the total cultivated area, making it the highest in India.
4. Geographical factors:
   • Hilly terrain and steep slopes restrict mechanized or settled agriculture.
   • High rainfall supports dense vegetation suitable for slash-and-burn farming.
5. Major Crops Grown:
   • Rice (primary crop)
   • Maize, millets, sesame, cotton, pumpkins, and vegetables.
6. Socioeconomic significance:
   • Practiced mostly by tribal communities such as Mizo, Chakma, and Lai.
   • Forms an integral part of local cultural and subsistence systems.
7. Environmental Concern:
   • Successive land clearing has led to soil erosion, deforestation, and biodiversity loss due to shortened fallow cycles.

Regional Comparison