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Which statement about the composition of vapour over an ideal solution of 1:1 molar mixture of benzene and toluene is correct? Assume the temperature is constant ( $25 ° C$ )
Vapour pressure data (at $25 ° C$ ):
Benzene 75 mm Hg
Toluene 22 mm Hg

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The vapour will contain higher percentage of benzene

The vapour will contain higher percentage of toluene

Not enough information is given to make a prediction

The vapour will contain equal amount of benzene and toluene

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

A:Benzene B:Toluene

$p = p_{A} + p_{B}$

$p = p_{A}^{0} x_{A} + p_{B}^{0} x_{B} = 75 \times \frac{1}{2} + 22 \times \frac{1}{2} = 37.5 + 11 = 48.5$

Mole fraction of benzene in vapour, $y_{A} = \frac{p_{A}}{p} = \frac{37.5}{48} = 0.78$

Similarly, mole fraction of toluene in vapour, $y_{B} = 0.22$

$∴$ The vapour will contain higher percentage of benzene.]

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