Which type of microbe is known to survive in extremely hot regions?

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Basophiles

Thermophiles

Halophiles

Acidophiles

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Thermophiles are heat-loving bacteria that can survive and thrive in extremely high-temperature environments like hot springs, geysers, and hydrothermal vents. They have unique cellular components like heat-stable enzymes and proteins that enable them to function at high temperatures without denaturing. They are also resistant to other harsh conditions like extreme pH or high salt concentrations.

Halophiles, on the other hand, are microbes that can survive in extremely salty environments, while acidophiles thrive in highly acidic environments.

Type of Microbe	Examples
Thermophiles	Thermus aquaticus, Pyrococcus furiosus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Sulfolobus acidocaldarius.
Halophiles	Halobacterium salinarum, Haloarcula marismortui, Natronobacterium gregoryi, Salinibacter ruber.
Acidophiles	Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Picrophilus torridus, Sulfolobus solfataricus, Thermoplasma acidophilum.
Basophiles	Bacillus pseudofirmus, Arthrobacter nicotianae, Alkalibacterium iburiense, Bacillus alcalophilus.

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