Who is called father in India?

In India, the term "father" transcends its literal biological meaning and is often used as a profound expression of respect and reverence for individuals who have made significant contributions to various fields or have acted as guiding figures for society. While Mahatma Gandhi is honorifically known as the "Father of the Nation," many other luminaries are recognized as "fathers" in their respective domains, reflecting the nation's deep-seated cultural value of acknowledging and venerating its pioneers and mentors.

This practice of bestowing paternal titles is a way of immortalizing the foundational work of these individuals and acknowledging their role in nurturing and shaping their particular fields. For instance, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar is revered as the "Father of the Indian Constitution" for his pivotal role in drafting the legal framework of modern India. Similarly, Raja Ram Mohan Roy, a key figure in the Bengal Renaissance, is often called the "Father of Modern India" for his tireless efforts to reform oppressive social customs and advocate for modern education.

The list of such "fathers" is extensive and spans across various disciplines. Dadabhai Naoroji, a prominent nationalist and the first Indian to be elected to the British Parliament, is affectionately known as the "Grand Old Man of India," a title akin to a "grandfatherly" figure of the nation. In the realm of science, Dr. Homi J. Bhabha is recognized as the "Father of the Indian Nuclear Program" for his vision and leadership in establishing India's nuclear capabilities. Verghese Kurien, the man behind the White Revolution, is aptly called the "Father of the Milk Revolution in India."

This tradition extends to arts and literature as well. Dadasaheb Phalke is honored as the "Father of Indian Cinema" for producing India's first full-length feature film. In the field of literature, various regional languages have their own "fathers" who are credited with modernizing and popularizing their respective literary traditions. This widespread use of the "father" title is a unique cultural phenomenon in India, symbolizing a collective sense of gratitude and respect for those who have guided the nation's progress and shaped its identity. It is a testament to the enduring legacy of these individuals and their profound impact on the fabric of Indian society.