Why are resources distributed unequally on the earth class 8?

Resources are distributed unequally on Earth because natural conditions like climate, landforms, rainfall, soil, and minerals are not the same everywhere.

The Earth is a very large planet, and no two places are exactly the same. This difference is the main reason why some regions have more of one type of resource while others have less.

Main Factors of Unequal Distribution

• Climate: Places with heavy rainfall and moderate temperature support forests, crops, and rivers. Deserts with little rain cannot grow many crops.
• Soil: Fertile soil like alluvial soil supports farming, but rocky or sandy soil is less useful for crops.
• Minerals: Mineral deposits are found only in certain areas. For example, coal is found in Jharkhand and Odisha, but not in Rajasthan deserts.
• Relief (landform): Plains support farming and settlements, while mountains are rich in forests but difficult for farming.
• Water Availability: Areas near rivers or with good rainfall have abundant water. Dry areas face shortages.

Examples

• The Indo-Gangetic plain has fertile soil and plenty of water, so it is good for farming.
• Rajasthan has deserts, so water and crops are limited.
• Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand are rich in coal and iron ore, but do not have fertile plains like Punjab.