Why do historians call Mahatma Gandhi the "Father of the Nation"?

Mahatma Gandhi is often called the “Father of the Nation” because of his central role in India’s struggle for independence and his unique methods of leading the masses. His philosophy, leadership, and sacrifices made him the moral and political guide of modern India.

1. Role in the Freedom Struggle: Gandhi transformed the Indian National Congress into a mass movement. Before him, the struggle for freedom was limited to educated elites. Gandhi’s call for Non-Cooperation (1920), Civil Disobedience (1930), and the Quit India Movement (1942) brought farmers, workers, women, and common people into the fight for independence.

2. Philosophy of Non-Violence and Truth: Gandhi introduced the principle of Ahimsa (non-violence) and Satyagraha (truth-force) as weapons against colonial oppression. These ideas gave the freedom movement a moral foundation and inspired millions to resist British rule without hatred or violence.

3. Uniting a Diverse Nation: India is a land of many religions, castes, and languages. Gandhi worked to unite Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, and others under the common goal of independence. He fought against social evils such as untouchability and promoted the idea of equality, calling the oppressed classes Harijans (Children of God).

4. Simplicity and Mass Appeal: Gandhi lived a simple life, wore khadi, and promoted the use of Swadeshi (indigenous goods). His personal example inspired people to boycott British products, spin their own cloth, and stand up against injustice in everyday life.

5. Global Influence: Gandhi’s methods of peaceful protest influenced global leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. in the USA and Nelson Mandela in South Africa. This shows that his leadership was not just national but had worldwide impact.

Conclusion

Historians call Gandhi the “Father of the Nation” because he gave India not only political freedom but also a moral vision. He united millions in a peaceful struggle, shaped India’s democratic values, and left a legacy of truth and non-violence that continues to inspire the world.