Why do the gases exert pressure

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Detailed Solution

Gases exert pressure because gas molecules move continuously and collide with the walls of their container.

Gas particles are far apart and move randomly in all directions. When these fast-moving molecules hit the container walls, they create a force on the walls. The total force per unit area is called gas pressure.

Scientific Basis (Kinetic Theory of Gases)

Gas molecules move with high speed and energy.
Each collision transfers momentum to the wall.
Many collisions together cause measurable pressure.

Factors Affecting Pressure

Factor	Effect on Pressure
Temperature	Higher temperature → faster molecules → higher pressure
Volume	Smaller volume → more collisions → higher pressure
Number of molecules	More gas → more collisions → higher pressure

Formula

Pressure (P) = Force / Area

Example

When air is pumped into a tyre, pressure increases as molecules collide more often.
In weather, atmospheric pressure comes from air molecules pressing on Earth’s surface.

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