Why does soap not work in hard water?

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It forms the proletariat with the calcium and magnesium contamination.

Hard water contains calcium and magnesium ions

It forms the proletariat with the iron and magnesium contamination.

Both 1 and 2.

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Concept- The cleaner works with the medium of micelle conformation The Cleaner is a sodium(

N a

) or potassium(

K

) of a long-chain adipose acid in which the adipose acid ion is made of a polar head group, also called hydrophilic(water-loving) group, and a long break-swerve non-polar hydrocarbon chain which is undoable in water called as a hydrophobic end.
When cleaner motes are available in the water, the motes organize themselves in the form of a cluster in such a way that their hydrophobic ends are down from the water patches and their hydrophilic or ionic ends are towards the water patches. This process is called micelle conformation and the cluster that's formed is called a micelle.
When a piece of cloth is put in this cleaner result, the hydrophobic ends of the cleaner patches cleave to the dirt whereas the hydrophilic end remains suspended in water. Therefore when the cloth is irrigated and taken out of the water, it's free from dirt.
The cleaner does not work duly in hard water( it forms a proletariat with the calcium and magnesium contaminations).
Hard water contains calcium and magnesium ions. These ions form undoable magnesium and calcium detergents independently when potassium or sodium detergents are dissolved in hard water. That's why detergents don't work in water.
Hence, the correct option is 4.

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