Why is copper called a metal?

Copper is called a metal because it has metallic bonding and shows metal properties like high electrical and thermal conductivity, luster, malleability, and ductility.

Metallic bonding: Copper atoms share a “sea” of delocalized electrons. These electrons move through the lattice, which allows easy flow of electric current and heat. This also lets layers of atoms slide without breaking the structure, so copper can be drawn into wires or hammered into sheets.

Key metal properties in copper

1. Conductivity: Excellent conductor of electricity and heat, used in wires, motors, and electronics.
2. Luster: Shiny reddish surface that reflects light.
3. Malleability and ductility: Easy to shape without breaking.
4. Sonorous: Produces a ringing sound when struck.
5. Density and strength: Fairly dense and strong for many uses.

Common applications

• Electrical cables and windings
• Plumbing tubes and heat exchangers
• Alloys like brass (Cu+Zn) and bronze (Cu+Sn)
• Coins, art, and architectural cladding

Copper also resists corrosion by forming a protective patina. Its recyclability and long life make it a key material for power grids and renewable energy systems.