Why is the kangaroo associated with Australia's coat of arms?

The kangaroo appears on Australia’s coat of arms because it is endemic, instantly recognisable worldwide, and—along with the emu—symbolises forward progress, since neither animal moves easily backward.

Explanation

Australia’s coat of arms uses two animal supporters: the kangaroo and the emu. These animals were chosen in the early 20th century to represent a distinctively Australian identity. Both are native to the continent and were already well known in international natural history and travel writing. Their pairing conveys several ideas that teachers and examiners often highlight:

• Progress and aspiration: A popular explanation is that kangaroos and emus seldom move backwards, suggesting national progress and a future-facing outlook.
• Endemic wildlife: Using native species demonstrates Australia’s unique biodiversity and separates its identity from European heraldic animals like lions or eagles.
• Cultural recognition: By the early 1900s, explorers, scientists, and visitors already viewed the kangaroo as a symbol of Australia. Its placement on the arms formalised that recognition.
• Visual clarity: The kangaroo’s profile is unmistakable, which helps in seals, coinage, and official documents where symbols must be clear at small sizes.

What the coat of arms includes

The coat of arms shows a shield with the badges of the six states, supported by the kangaroo and the emu, often with a wreath and golden wattle motifs. The shield highlights federal unity, while the animals act as guardians or supporters of that unity.