With the help of chemical equations, describe the processes of aerobic respiration in the mitochondria of a cell and anaerobic respiration in yeast and muscle.

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Detailed Solution

Aerobic respiration: It is the process in which organic food is completely oxidized with the help of oxygen into carbon dioxide and water. Because most aerobic respiration occurs inside the mitochondria, therefore they are also called the powerhouse of the cell. Much more amount of energy is released in aerobic respiration in comparison to anaerobic respiration. $C_{6} H_{12} O_{6} + 6 O_{2} \to 6 C O_{2} + 6 H_{2} O + E n e r g y (A T P)$ Anaerobic respiration: It is the process which involves enzymatically controlled, stepwise, incomplete degradation of organic food, releasing energy without oxygen being used as an oxidant. It is also called fermentation. The common products of anaerobic respiration are alcohol and carbon dioxide gas(Alcoholic fermentation). $C_{6} H_{12} O_{6} \to 2 C O_{2} + 2 C_{2} H_{5} O H + E n e r g y (A T P)$ The energy released during cellular respiration is immediately used to synthesize a molecule called ATP (adenosine triphosphate) from ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP is called the energy currency of living organisms.