Write the IUPAC name of Tollens reagent?

The IUPAC name of Tollens reagent is ammoniacal silver nitrate solution.

Tollens reagent is a chemical solution used to test for aldehydes. It contains silver ions complexed with ammonia. When an aldehyde is present, Tollens reagent reduces silver ions to metallic silver, forming a shiny silver mirror on the surface of the test tube. This reaction is known as the silver mirror test.

Chemical Composition

• Prepared by adding dilute ammonia solution to silver nitrate (AgNO₃).
• Forms a complex ion: [Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺ — called diamminesilver(I) ion.
• Chemical formula: [Ag(NH₃)₂]OH

Chemical Reaction

RCHO + 2[Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺ + 3OH⁻ → RCOO⁻ + 2Ag↓ + 4NH₃ + 2H₂O

Working Principle

• Aldehydes are easily oxidized, while ketones are not.
• The silver ion (Ag⁺) in the reagent gets reduced to metallic silver (Ag).
• The silver forms a bright mirror, indicating the presence of an aldehyde.

Uses

• Used to distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
• Applied in laboratory analysis of organic compounds.