x, y are the two elements, they are following law of multiple proportions. The ratios of x, y by weight are

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$1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 4$

$2 : 1, 1 : 2, 3 : 2$

$1 : 8, 2 : 3, 7 : 3$

$2 : 3, 4 : 7, 2 : 5$

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Standard definition for law of multiple proportions: Different weights of an element that combine with a fixed weight of the other element bear a simple numerical ratio.

Ex: Carbon and Oxygen combine to form Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

$2 C + O_{2} \to 2 C O$

$2 \times 12 g 32 g$

$6 g 16 g$

$C + O_{2} \to C O_{2}$

$12 g 32 g$

$6 g 16 g$

In Carbon monoxide, exactly 8g of oxygen is combined with 6g of carbon. Where as in $C O_{2}$ 16g (exactly twice 8g) of Oxygen is combined with 6g of Carbon. Weights of Oxygen which combines with a fixed weight of carbon (6g) are in the ration of $1 : 2$ .

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