First slide
Pre-fertilisation : Structures and Events
Question

How the tapetal cells, which form the innermost wall layer of microsporongium, could become binucleate?

Moderate
Solution

By endomitosis, DNA replication and chromosome splitting takes place. The cell becomes bi-nucleate as there is no cytokinesis.
Polyteny increases the amount of DNA.
Restitution nuclei formation changes the ploidy level.
Meiosis is reduction division.

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