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a
convert free nitrogen to nitrogen compounds.
b
convert proteins into ammonia.
c
reduce nitrates to free nitrogen.
d
oxidize ammonia to nitrates.
answer is D.
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Detailed Solution
Nitrifying bacteria oxidise ammonia to nitrates. First ammonia is oxidised to nitrite by the bacteria Nitrosomonas and/or Nitrococcus. The nitrite is further oxidised to nitrate with the help of the bacterium Nitrobacter.