Pinus seed cannot germinate and establish without fungal association. This is because
A mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association of a fungus with a root system. Some plants like Pinus have an obligate association with the mycorrhizae.The fungal filaments form a network around the young root or they penetrate the root cells. The hyphae have a very large surface area that absorb mineral ions and water from the soil from a much larger volume of soil that perhaps a root cannot do. The fungus provides minerals and water to the roots, in turn the roots provide sugars and N-containing compounds to the mycorrhizae. Therefore, Pinus seeds cannot germinate and establish without the presence of mycorrhizae.