Q.

A somatic cell that has just completed the S phase of its cell cycle, as compared to gamete of the same species, has

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a

twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA

b

four times the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA

c

twice the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA

d

same number of chromosomes but  twice  the  amount of DNA.

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

A somatic cell that has just completed the S phase of its cell cycle, as compared to gamete of the same species has twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA.A somatic cell normally has 2n number of chromosomes and 2c amount of DNA. When this cell enters the S phase, The DNA undergoes duplication, but the sister chromatids are still held by the same centromere. Therefore, the number of chromosomes remains the same (2n) but the amount of DNA doubles (4c)When the  cells of the same species undergoes meiosis. The number of chromosomes become n and the amount of DNA becomes c.  So, we can clearly see that the somatic cells have double the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA.
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A somatic cell that has just completed the S phase of its cell cycle, as compared to gamete of the same species, has