The actinoids exhibit more number of oxidation states in general than the lanthanoids. This is because

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the actinides are more reactive than the lanthanides

the 5f-orbitals are more buried than the 4f-orbitals

there is a similarity between 4f and 5f-orbitals in their angular part of the wave function.

the 5f-orbitals extend farther from the nucleus than the 4f-orbitals.

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

The wide range of oxidation state of actinoids is due to the fact that the 5f, 6d and 7s energy levels are of comparable energies and all these three subshells can participate in comparison to lanthanoid. The 5f orbitals extend farther from the nucleus than the 4f orbitals.

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