First slide

Ionic solids

Question

Analysis show that nickel oxide consists of nickel ion with 96% ions having d⁸ configuration and 4% having d⁷ configuration. Which amongst the following best represents the formula of the oxide?

Difficult

A

Ni_1.02O_1.00
B

Ni_0.96O_1.00
C

Ni_0.98O_0.98
D

Ni_0.98O_1.00

Solution

Ni = 3d⁸4s² (At. no. : 28),
$∴$ Ni²⁺=3d⁸ and Ni³⁺=3d⁷
Hence, 96% ion of Ni²⁺ and 4% ions of Ni³⁺ are present.
Let number of O^2- ion present in the crystal = x.
Applying electroneutrality rule,
Total positive charge = Total negative charge
96 x 2 (+ve charge) = 4 x 3 (+ve charge)
= x $\times$ 2 (-ve charge)
96 x 2 + 4 x 3 - 2x = 0
$∴$ x = 1.02
So formula of crystal Ni_1.00O_1.02 or Ni_0.98O_1.00

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