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Qualitative analysis
Question

A colorless aqueous solution contains nitrates of two metals, X and Y. When it was added to an aqueous solution of NaCl, a white precipitate was formed. This precipitate was found to be partly soluble in hot water to give a residue P and a solution Q. The residue P was soluble in aq. NH3 and also in excess sodium thiosulfate. The hot solution Q gave a yellow precipitate with KI. The metals X and Y, respectively, are 

Difficult
Solution

X : Ag                   P : AgCl 

Y : Pb                  Q : PbCl2 

AgCl + 2NH3 solution  [Ag(NH3)2]Cl
(P)      (excess)                 clear solution
AgCl + 2Na2S2O3 solution  Na3 [Ag(S2O3)2] + NaCl
(P)       (excess)                        clear solution 
PbCl2    +     2KI          PbI2  + 2KCl
Hot solution                      (yellow ppt) 
(Q)

 

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