Consider the following speciesI) II)III)IV) Incorrect statement is
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a
In I, NH2 group shows only – I effect
b
In II, oxygen atom of ether shows only – I effect and thus destabilizes the carbocation
c
In III, – OH group shows both –I and +M effect and thus increases electron density of bezenering
d
In IV, N+H3 group shows both –I and –M effect and thus deactivates benzene ring from the attack of electrophile
answer is D.
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Detailed Solution
Hint: Group which contains atleast one electronegative atom like F, Cl, O N etc., are acting as –IE groups and exhibits –I effect.→ In a molecule when both mesomeric and inductive effevts simultaneously operating then mesomeric effect is predominant than inductive effect.∴"OH" group in phenol mainly acts as electron donating group by +ME and hence it increases the electron density in benzene ring.NH3 group shows only –I effect but donot exhibits –M effect [due to lack of lonepair on "N"] and decreases the electron density in benzene ring.∴attack of electrophile on benzene ring of anilinium ion decreases.i.e., NH3 deactivates the benzene ring by –I effect towards electrophile.