During steam distillation of a mixture of o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol
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a
vapour of o-nitrophenol are carried by steam because of its lower boiling point due to chelation.
b
vapour of o-nitrophenol are carried by steam because of its lower boiling point and solubility in steam.
c
vapour of o-nitrophenol are carried by steam because its boiling point is reduced by steam.
d
vapour of p-nitrophenol are carried by steam because of its lower boiling point.
answer is A.
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Detailed Solution
Only o-nitrophenol is capable of forming intramolecular H-bonding (chelation) which leads to its lower b.p. less than 1000C and also lower solubility in water (steam).