First slide

General discussion of solutions

Question

Equimolal solutions of KCI and compound X in water show depression in freezing point in the ratio of 4:1 . Assuming KCI to be completely ionized, the compound X in solution must

Moderate

A

Dissociate to the extent of 50%
B

Hydrolyze to the extent of 80%
C

Dimerize to the extent of 50%
D

Trimerize to the extent of 75%

Solution

$K C I a n d X (p m o l e s) (p m o l e s) ∆ T_{f} (K C I) = i K_{f} m = 2 K_{f} m ∆ T_{f} (X) = i K_{f} . m = \frac{1}{4} (2 K_{f} m) \Rightarrow i = \frac{1}{2} (< 1) 2 X ⇌ X_{2} 1 0 1 - α α / 2 i = 1 - α + \frac{α}{2} = 1 - \frac{α}{2} = \frac{1}{2} \Rightarrow α = 100 % 3 X ⇌ X_{3} 1 0 1 - α α / 3 i = 1 - α + \frac{α}{3} = 1 - \frac{2 α}{3} = \frac{1}{2} \Rightarrow α = \frac{3}{4} = 75 %$

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