First slide

Hardness of water

Question

If excess of Ca(OH)₂ is added to hard water in Clark's method

Easy

A

Temporary hardness is not removed
B

Permanent hardness is removed
C

Temporary hardness occurs
D

Permanent hardness occurs

Solution

Milk of like [Ca(OH)₂] is used to remove temporary hardness of water.
Temporary hardness of water is caused by bicarbonates of Ca & Mg.
$\large Ca{(HC{O_3})_2} + Ca{(OH)_2} \to \mathop {2CaC{O_3} \downarrow }\limits_{ppt} + 2{H_2}O\$
$\large Mg{(HC{O_3})_2} + 2Ca{(OH)_2} \to Mg{(OH)_2} \downarrow + \mathop {2CaC{O_3} \downarrow }\limits_{ppt} + 2{H_2}O\$

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