An investigation shows that for every chlorine atom generated from a fluoro halogenoalkane in the stratosphere, one hundred thousand atoms of ozone may be destroyed. Which of the following statements about chlorine atoms helps to explain this?
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a
They achieve high activation energies by absorbing ultraviolet radiation
b
They are regenerated in a chain-propagation reaction with ozone.
c
They remove oxygen from the ozone-oxygen equilibrium.
d
They initiate the ionization of oxygen molecules.
answer is B.
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Detailed Solution
Fluorohalogenoalkane (e.g. CFCs) in the stratosphere decomposes in the presence of u.v. light to give chlorine free radicals, which then attack zone in a chain reaction. The reaction of the chlorine monoxide radical with an oxygen atom results in the formation of another chlorine radical, which can then start the chain reaction over again. The net result each time a molecule of ozone reacts with a chlorine radical is the destruction of a molecule of ozone.