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Q.

The ionization energy of boron is less than that of beryllium because :

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a

beryllium has a higher nuclear charge than boron

b

beryllium has a lower nuclear charge than boron

c

penetrating power of 2p-orbital of boron is less than penetrating power of 2s orbital of beryllium

d

the 2s and 2p-orbitals of boron are degenerate

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

The ionisation energy of boron is less than that of beryllium because the outermost electron in boron occupies a 2p-orbital which has lesser penetrating power. Moreover Be has fully-filled s-subshell.
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