The lanthanoid contraction is responsible for the fact that(Atomic numbers: Zr = 40, Y = 39, Nb = 41, Hf = 72, Zn = 30)

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Zr and Y have about the same radius

Zr and Nb have similar oxidation state

Zr and Hf have about the same radius

Zr and Zn have the same oxidation state

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

A regular decreases in the size of the atoms and ions in lanthanide series from La3+ to Lu3+ is called lanthanide contraction. The similarity in size of the atoms of Zr and Hf is due to the lanthanide contraction.

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