First slide
Electrolysis
Question

Match the following columns.
 

 Column I (Substance) Column II (Product after electrolysis)
A.Aqueous solution of AgNO3 using Ag electrodesp.Oxygen is produced at anode
B.Aqueous solution of AgNO3 using Pt electrodesq.Hydrogen is produced at cathode
C.Dilute solution of H2SO4 using Pt electrodesr..Silver is deposited at cathode
D.Aqueous solution of CuCl2 using Pt electrodess.Neither O2 nor H2 is produced

Difficult
Solution

Ar,s; Br,p; Cp,q; Ds
A. An aqueous  solution of AgNO3 with silver electrodes. In aqueous solution, ionisation of AgNO3 and H2O takes place.
       AgNO3(s)(aq)Ag+(aq)+NO3(aq)H2O(l)H+(aq)+OH(aq)
At cathode : Ag+ ions has less discharge potential than H+ ions so silver will be deposited at cathode.
                        Ag+(aq)+eAg(s)
At anode : An equivalent amount of silver will be oxidised to Ag+ ions by releasing electrons.
                       Ag(s)Ag+(aq)+e
            Ag anode is attacked by NO3- ions, so it will also produce Ago in the solution.
B. An aqueous solution of AgNO3 with platinum electrodes.
    In aqueous solution, ionisation of AgNO3 and H2O both occur.
                   AgNO3(s)(aq)Ag+(aq)+NO3(aq)H2O(l)H+(aq)+OH(aq)
      As platinum electrodes are non-attackable electrodes, they will not be reacted upon by NO3- ions.
At cathode Ag will be deposited at cathode.
            Ag+(aq)+eAg(s)
At anode Out of NO3- and OH- ions, only OH- ions will be oxidised (due to less discharge potential) preferentially and NO3- ions will remain in the solution.
             OH(aq)OH+e 4OH2H2O(l)+O2(g)
So, oxygen gas is produced at anode. The solution remains acidic due to the Presence of HNO3.
           H+(aq)+NO3(aq)HNO3(aq)
C.A dilute solution of H2SO4 with platinum electrodes. Both H2SO4 and water ionise in the solution.
        H2SO4(aq)2H+(aq)+SO42(aq)H2O(l)2H+(aq)+OH(aq)
At cathode H+ ions will be reduced and hydrogen gas is produced at cathode.
          H+(aq)+eH(g)H(g)+H(g)H2(g)
At anode OH- ions will be released preferentially and not SO4-ions due to less discharge potential.
           OH(aq)OH+e4OH2H2O(l)+O2(g)
         Oxygen gas is Produced at anode. Solution will be acidic and will contain H2SO4.
D. An aqueous solution of CuCl2 with platinum electrodes. Both CuCl2 and water ionise as usual.
             CuCl2(aq)Cu2+(aq)+2Cl(aq)H2O(l)2H+(aq)+OH(aq)
     At cathode Cu2+ ions will be reduced preferentially due to less discharge potential than H+ ions.
              Cu2+(aq)+2eCu(s)
      Copper metal is deposited at cathode.   
   At anode Cl- ions will be discharged in preference to OH- ions and chlorine gas is produced at anode.
          Cl(aq)Cl(g)+eCl(g)+Cl(g)Cl2(g)

    
                     

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