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Q.

The mixture that forms maximum boiling point azeotrope is

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a

Acetone + Carbon disulphide

b

Heptane + Octane

c

Water + Nitric acid

d

Ethanol + Water

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

(I) CH3COCH3 + CS2CH3COCH3 - CH3COCH3(A-A) .....   Dipole-Dipole attractionsCS2 - CS2 (B-B)   ......    London dispersion forcesAddition of CS2 disturbs the Dipole-Dipole attractions betweenacetone moleculesA-B interactions are weaker than A-A & B-B interactionsThis mix. has higher V.P than expected from Raoult's lawIt shows positive deviationIt is a minimum boiling azeotrope(II) Heptane (A)+ Octane(B)  , form an ideal sol.Magnitude of A-B interactions are equal to A-A and B-B interactionsV.P of the mix. = PA+PBΔHmix=0;  ΔVmix=0It a perticular concentration both A & B boil at same temperature.It is a constant boiling mix.(III) Water (A) - HNO3(B)HNO3 ionizes in water so A-B interactions are ion - dipole forces which are strongerThan A-A (H-bonded forces) and B-B (H-bonded forces) interactionsThis mix. has lesser VP than expected from Raoult's lawIt shows -ve deviationIt is a maximum boiling azeotrope(IV) C2H5OH(A) - H2O(B)C2H5OH-C2H5OH ....... Inter molecular H-bondingH2O-H2O .......   Inter molecular H-bondingH2O-C2H5OH ....... Inter molecular H-bondingInter molecular H-bonding betweenC2H5OH - H2Ois weaker than inC2H5OH-C2H5OH and  H2O-H2OVP of C2H5OH - H2O is higher than expectedThis Azeotropic mix. shows positive deviation from Raoult's lawVP is higher than expected its BP will be lesser than expectedBP of C2H5OH - H2O is lesser than that of  any one of its components.It is a minimum boiling azeotrpe
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