First slide

Covalent Bonding

Question

Molecular orbital theory is based on the principle of linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO). According to LCAO, when respective atomic orbitals of the atoms interact, they undergo constructive interference as well as destructive interference giving two type of molecular orbitals, i.e., bonding molecular orbital and antibonding molecular orbital of electrons.
Electrons in these orbitals are filled according to aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund rule.

Moderate

Question

Which of the following is INCORRECT?

A

During $N_{2}^{+}$ formation, one electron is removed from the bonding molecular orbital.
B

During $O_{2}^{+}$ formation, one electron is removed from the antibonding molecular orbital
C

During $O_{2}^{-}$ formation, one electron is added to the bonding molecular orbital.
D

During CN^- formation one electron is added to the bonding molecular orbital

Solution

$(1) N_{2}^{+} \Rightarrow σ_{1 s^{2}}, {\dot{σ}}_{1 s^{2}}, σ_{2 s^{2}}, {\dot{σ}}_{2 s^{2}}, π_{p_{x}^{2}} = π_{2 p_{2}^{2}}, σ_{2 p_{z}^{1}} (2) O_{2}^{+} \Rightarrow σ_{1 s^{2}}, {\dot{σ}}_{1 s^{2}}, σ_{2 s^{2}}, {\dot{σ}}_{2 s^{2}}, σ_{2 p_{x}^{2}}, π_{2 π_{y}^{2}} = π_{2 π_{2}^{2}}, π_{2 π_{y}^{1}} = π_{2 π_{z}} (3) O_{2}^{-} \Rightarrow σ_{1 s^{2}}, {\dot{σ}}_{1 s^{2}}, σ_{2 s^{2}}, {\dot{σ}}_{2 s^{2}}, σ_{2 p_{x}^{2}}, π_{2 p_{y}^{2}} = π_{2 p_{2}^{2}}, {\dot{π}}_{2 p_{y}^{2}} = {\dot{π}}_{2 p_{2}^{1}} (4) {CN}^{-} \Rightarrow σ_{1 s^{2}}, {\dot{σ}}_{1 s^{2}}, σ_{2 s^{2}}, {\dot{σ}}_{2 s^{2}}, π_{2 p_{y}^{2}} = π_{2 p_{2}^{2}}, σ_{2 p_{x}^{2}}$
Electron is added to anti bonding

Question

Which of the following pairs have identical bond order?

A

$N_{2}^{+} and NO$
B

$F_{2} and {Ne}_{2}$
C

$O_{2} and N_{2}$
D

$C_{2} and N_{2}$

Solution

Both have same bond order of 2.5. Flourine has 1,Nitrogen has 3, oxygen has 2.

Question

Among the following the INCORRECT statement

A

NO has one unpaired electron in the antibonding molecular orbital
B

bond length of NO> NO⁺
C

$magnetic moment of N_{2}^{+} is \sqrt{3} B.M.$
D

magnetic moment of O₂ is zero

Solution

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