First slide

Hydrogen chloride

Question

In the preparation of HBr or HI,NaX(X = Br,I) is treated with H₃PO₄ and not by conc.H₂SO₄ because

Easy

A

H₂SO₄ makes the reaction reversible
B

H₂SO₄ oxidises HX to X₂(Br₂, I₂)
C

Na₂SO₄ is water soluble and Na₃PO₄ is water insoluble
D

Na₃PO₄ is water insoluble and Na₂SO₄ is water soluble

Solution

$H_2SO_4+2NaCl\rightarrow 2HCl+Na_2SO_4$
$H_2SO_4+2NaBr\rightarrow 2HBr+Na_2SO_4$
$H_2SO_4+2NaI \rightarrow 2HI+Na_2SO_4$

HBr and HI further get oxidised with H₂SO₄ and release B_r2 and I₂ respectively.Thus H₃PO₄ is used to prepare HBr, HI from NaBr and NaI
$X^{-} + {SO}_{4}^{- 2} \overset{H^{+}}{\to} X_{2} + {SO}_{2}, where X = Br, I$
H₃PO₄ is a non oxidizing acid.

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