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Q.

Sodium cannot be extracted by the electrolysis of brine solution because

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a

sodium liberated reacts with water to produce NaOH + H2

b

sodium being more electropositive than hydrogen, H2 is liberated at cathode and not sodium

c

electrolysis cannot take place with brine solution

d

none of the above

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Brine solution is NaCl+H2OElectrolysis: NaCl→Na++Cl- H2O→H++OH-Reduction potential order of cations : H+ > Na+Oxidation potential order of anion : Cl->OH- → Cation which is having high reduction potential is depositing or liberating as gas  at cathodeAt Cathode [Reduction] : H+ + e- → 1/2H2At anode [Oxidation] : Cl-→12Cl2+e-                                 Na++OH-→NaOH→ Anion which is having high oxidation potential is depositing (or) liberating as gas  at anodeIn the extraction of Na metal from brine solution H+ is more easily under reduction at cathode than Na+ ion (or) in another words Na is being move electropositive element than hydrogen, therefore H2 is liberated at cathode and not sodium.
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