Statement 1 : Elemental nitrogen exists as a diatomic molecule and phosphorous as tetratomic molecule.Statement 2 : Nitrogen does not have vacant d-orbital whereas phosphorus have vacant d-orbital.

Elemental nitrogen exists as a diatomic molecule because nitrogen can form pπ−pπmultiple bonds which is not possible in case of phosphorus due to repulsion between non-bonded electrons of the inner core. There is no such repulsion in case of smaller nitrogen atoms as they have only 1s2 electrons in their inner core.