First slide

Hardness of water

Question

Temporary hardness may be removed from water by adding

Moderate

A

$Ca {(OH)}_{2}$
B

${CaCO}_{3}$
C

${CaSO}_{4}$
D

${Na}_{2} {SO}_{4}$

Solution

$Ca {(OH)}_{2}$ reacts with $Ca {({HCO}_{3})}_{2}$ to precipitate ${CaCO}_{3}$
$Ca {({HCO}_{3})}_{2}$ + $Ca {(OH)}_{2} \overset{}{\to} 2 {CaCO}_{3} ↓ + 2 H_{2} O$
$Mg {({HCO}_{3})}_{2} + 2 Ca {(OH)}_{2} \overset{}{\to} 2 {CaCO}_{3} ↓ Mg {(OH)}_{2} ↓ + 2 H_{2} O$

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