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Q.

Which of the alkaline earth metals cation has least hydration enthalpy ?

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a

Be2+

b

Mg2+

c

Ca2+

d

Ba2+

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Be2+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Sr2+ > Ba2+  : Size of isolated M+2  ionsBe2+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Sr2+ > Ba2+ : Degree of hydrationBe2+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Sr2+ > Ba2+ : Hydration EnthalpiesAs the size of M+2 ions [isolated] increases effective nuclear charge on the ion decreases nuclear attractive forces on the water molecules decreases, number of water molecules surrounded around the M+2 ion decreases degree of hydration decreases hydration enthalpy decreases
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