In which of the following ortho/para substitution by an electrophile is very facile?
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a
Nitrobenzene
b
phenol
c
Benzoic acid
d
Acetophenone
answer is B.
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Detailed Solution
+ME groups increases the electron density at ortho and para posistions and hence the incoming electrophile chooses to attack at ortho and para position than at meta position.→ –ME groups decreases the electron density at ortho and para positions, hence when compared with O, P-positions at meta position electron density is more, therefore the incoming electrophile preferibly chooses to attack at meta position.