First slide

Periodicity in atomic properties

Question

Which of the following transformation requires least energy ?

Moderate

A

$F_{(g)}^{-} ⟶ F_{(g)} + e^{-}$
B

$P_{(g)}^{-} ⟶ P_{(g)} + e^{-}$
C

$S_{(g)}^{-} ⟶ S_{(g)} + e^{-}$
D

${Cl}_{(g)}^{-} \to {Cl}_{(g)} + e^{-}$

Solution

If we consider the opposite process :
(1) $F_{(g)} + e^{-} ⟶ F_{(g)}^{-}; {ΔH}_{1}$
(2) $P_{(g)} + e^{-} ⟶ P_{(g)}^{-}; {ΔH}_{2}$
(3) $S_{(g)} + e^{-} ⟶ S_{(g)}^{-}; {ΔH}_{3}$
(4) ${Cl}_{(g)} + e^{-} ⟶ {Cl}_{(g)}^{-}; {ΔH}_{4}$
Order of energy releases is : ${ΔH}_{4} > {ΔH}_{1} > {ΔH}_{3} > {ΔH}_{2}$ So, $P_{(g)}^{-} \to P_{(g)} + e^{-}$ Requires least energy.

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