Which one of the following amine has the highest pkb value
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a
para -nitro aniline
b
para-methyl aniline
c
meta-methyl aniline
d
para-methoxy aniline
answer is A.
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Detailed Solution
-NO2 group at para position shows - I , -M effect . thus it is a strong electron withdrawing group. it decreases the basic strength of aniline . -CH3 group is always an ERG or EDG....it increases the basic strength -OCH3 group is EDG or ERG at ortho and para positions.....increases the basic strength; -OCH3 gp is a stronger EDG as compared to -CH3 gp; Thus basic strength of 4 > 2 > 3 >1..... pKb will be highest for option 1 ;