Let R and S be two equivalence relations on a set A. Then
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a
R∪S is an equivalence relation on A
b
R∩S is an equivalence relation on A
c
R-S is an equivalence relation on A
d
None of these
answer is B.
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Detailed Solution
Given, R and S are relations on set A.∴R⊆A×A and S⊆A×A⇒R∩C⊆A×A⇒R∩S is also a relation on A.Reflexivity: Let a be an arbitrary element of A. Then, a∈A⇒(a, a)∈R and (a, a)∈S,[∵ R and S are reflexive]⇒(a, a)∈R∩SThus, (a, a)∈R∩S for all a∈A.So, R∩S is a reflexive relation on A.Symmetry: Let a, b∈A such that (a, b)∈R∩S.Then, (a, b)∈R∩S⇒(a,b)∈R and (a, b)∈S⇒(b, a)∈R and (b, a)∈S,[∵ R and S are symmetric]⇒(b, a)∈R∩SThus, (a, b)∈R∩S⇒(b, a)∈R∩S for all (a, b)∈R∩S.So, R∩S is symmetric on A.Transitivity: Let a, b, c∈A such that (a, b)∈R∩Sand (b, c)∈R∩S. Then, (a, b)∈R∩S and(b,c)∈R∩S⇒{a,b∈R and a,b∈S}and b,c∈R and b,c∈S⇒a, b∈R, b, c∈R and a, b∈S, b, c∈S⇒a, c∈R and a, c∈S∵R and S are transitive So a, b∈R and b, c∈R⇒(a, c)∈R (a, b)∈S and (b, c)∈S⇒(a, c)∈S⇒(a, c)∈R∩SThus, (a,b)∈R∩S and (b, c)∈R∩S⇒(a,c)∈R∩S,So, R∩S is transitive on A.Hence, R is an equivalence relation on A.