The trace of a square matrix is defined to be the sum of its diagonal entries. If A is a 2×2 matrix such that the trace of A is 3 and the trace of A3 is −18, then the value of the determinant of A is
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answer is 5.
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Detailed Solution
M-I Let A=abcd A2=a2+bcab+bdac+dcbc+d2A3=a3+2abc+bdca2b+abd+b2c+bd2a2c+adc+bc2+d2cabc+2bcd+d3 Given trace(A)=a+d=3 and traceA3=a3+d3+3abc+3bcd=−18⇒ a3+d3+3bc(a+d)=−18⇒ a3+d3+9bc=−18⇒ (a+d)(a+d)2−3ad+9bc=−18⇒ 3(9−3ad)+9bc=−18⇒ ad−bc=5= determinant of AM-IIA=abcd; Δ=ad−bc|A−λI|=(a−λ)(d−λ)−bc=λ2−(a+d)λ+ad−bc=λ2−3λ+Δ⇒ O=A2−3A+ΔI⇒ A2=3A−ΔI⇒ A3=3A2−ΔA =3(3A−ΔI)−ΔA =(9−Δ)A−3ΔI =(9−Δ)abcd−3Δ1001∴ trace A3=(9−Δ)(a+d)−6Δ⇒ −18=(9−Δ)(3)−6Δ =27−9Δ⇒ 9Δ=45⇒Δ=5
The trace of a square matrix is defined to be the sum of its diagonal entries. If A is a 2×2 matrix such that the trace of A is 3 and the trace of A3 is −18, then the value of the determinant of A is