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Question

A cell of emf E and internal resistance ' r' is connected to a variable external resistor 'R'. The graph which gives the terminal voltage of cell 'V' with respect to R is :

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Solution

$V = (\frac{E}{R + r}) R = \frac{E}{1 + \frac{r}{R}}$
$\begin{array}{l} W h e n R = 0 V = \frac{E}{1 + \infty} = 0 \\ W h e n R = \infty V = E \end{array}$

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