A current carrying solenoid is approaching a conducting loop as shown in the figure. The direction of induced current as observed by an observer on the other side of the loop will be

A highly conducting ring of radius R is perpendicular to and concentric with the axis of a long solenoid as shown in fig. The ring has a narrow gap of width d in its circumference. The solenoid has cross sectional area A and a uniform internal field of magnitude B₀. Now beginning at t = 0, the solenoid current is steadily increased to so that the field magnitude at any time t is given by B(t) = B₀ + $\alpha$t where $\alpha$>0 . Assuming that no charge can flow across the gap, the end of ring which has excess of positive charge and the magnitude of induced e.m.f. in the ring are respectively