The diagrams represent the potential energy U of a function of the inter-atomic distance r. Which diagram corresponds to stable molecules found in nature.

Moderate

Solution

When the distance between atoms is large then interatomic force is very weak. When they come closer, force of attraction increases and at a particular distance force becomes zero. When they are further brought closer force becomes repulsive in nature.
This can be explained by slope of $U - x$ curve shown in graph (a).

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