An earthquake generates both transverse (S) and longitudinal (P) sound waves in the earth. The speed of S waves is about 4.5 km/s and that of P waves is about 8.0 km/s. A seismograph records P and S waves from an earthquake. The first P wave arrives 4.0 min before the first S wave. The epicenter of the earthquake is located at a distance about
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a
25 km
b
250 km
c
2500 km
d
5000 km
answer is C.
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Detailed Solution
Suppose d = distance of epicenter of Earth quake from point of observation vS = Speed of S-wave and vP = Speed of P-wave then d=vPtP=vStS or 8 tP=4.5 tS⇒tP=4.58tS, given that tS−tP=240 s⇒tS−4.58tS=240⇒tS=240×83.5=548.5 s∴d=vStS=4.5×548.5=2468.6≈2500 km
An earthquake generates both transverse (S) and longitudinal (P) sound waves in the earth. The speed of S waves is about 4.5 km/s and that of P waves is about 8.0 km/s. A seismograph records P and S waves from an earthquake. The first P wave arrives 4.0 min before the first S wave. The epicenter of the earthquake is located at a distance about