Q.

In finding the electric field using Gauss law the formula E→=qenc∈0A→  is applicable. In the formula ∈0  is permittivity of free space, A is the area of Gaussian surface and qenc  is charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface. This equation can be used in which of the following situation?

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a

Only when the Gaussian surface is an equipotential surface

b

Only when the Gaussian surface is an equipotential surface and E→  is constant on the surface

c

Only when   E→= constant on the surface

d

For any choice of Gaussian surface

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Gauss Law, ∮E→.dA→=qenc∈0​⇒∮E→ dA→ cosθ = qenc∈0If E→ is perpendicular to surface at all points , then angle between​electric field and area vector is 0o.  It means surface is equipotential⇒∮E→ dA→ = qenc∈0​If E→ is constant, it can be taken out of integration sign, ⇒E→ ∮dA→ = qenc∈0​⇒E→ A→ = qenc∈0⇒E→ =qenc∈0A→
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