Heat flows from a reservoir at 373 K to a reservoir at 273k through a copper rod as shown in the figure. The heat then leaves the 273K reservoir and enters a Carnot engine, which uses part of this heat to do work and rejects the remainder to a third reservoir at 173K.What fraction of the heat leaving the 373K reservoir is rendered unavailable for doing work, as compared to the situation where a Carnot engine is connected directly between the 373K and 173K reservoirs?
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a
3%
b
10%
c
17%
d
35%
answer is C.
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Detailed Solution
[Concept]: With reservoirs at 273K,173K[Step 1]: WQ=273−173273=0.37 [Concept]: With reservoirs at 373K, 173K[Step 2]: WQ=373−173373=0.54[Step 3]: W'−W=0.54−0.37Q=0.17Q⇒W'−WQ=0.17⇒W'−WQ100=0.17×100=17%