If the total flux over a closed surface is zero, then
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a
electric field at all points on the surface must be zero
b
electric fields at all points on the surface may be zero.
c
The closed surface may contain on electric dipole.
d
both (2) and (3) are correct.
answer is D.
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Detailed Solution
If the closed surface does not contain any charge or if the closed surface is in a region of space where no electric field exists, then option (2) is right. If a dipole resides inside the closed surface, then net charge enclosed by the surface is zero and hence by Gauss's law ϕ=0.