First slide
Fluid dynamics
Question

A tank has a small hole in its side at a heighty y1. It is filled with a liquid (density ρ) to a height y2. If the absolute pressure at the top of the fluid is Pt, find the velocity with which it leaves the tank. Assume that the cross- sectional area of the tank is larger as compared to that of the hole.

 

Moderate
Solution

From equation of continuity, v2 = A1A2v1

Since, A1<<A2, v2 must be ver small compared to velocity of efflux at the hole, therefore we can take v2 =0

Fluid emerging from the hole is open to atmospheric pressure P0, We take two points A and B at the top of the fluid and at the hole respectively. From Bernoulli's principle,

P0+12ρv12+ρgv1 = P1+ρgy2

Solving for v1, we obtain v1= 2(pt-p0)ρ+2gh

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