First slide

Electrostatic potential energy

Question

Two charges $+ 3.2 \times 10^{- 19} C$ and $- 3.2 \times 10^{- 19} C$ kept $2.4 \overset{0}{A}$ apart forms a dipole. If it is kept in uniform electric field of intensity $4 \times 10^{5} v o l t / m$ then what will be its electrical energy in stable equilibrium

Easy

A

$+ 3 \times 10^{- 23} J$
B

$- 3 \times 10^{- 23} J$
C

$- 6 \times 10^{- 23} J$
D

$- 1.5 \times 10^{- 23} J$

Solution

Potential energy of electric dipole
$U = - p E \cos θ = - (q \times 2 l) E \cos θ \Rightarrow I n s t a b l e e q u i l i b r i u m, θ = 0^{o} & \cos θ = 1 \Rightarrow U = - (3.2 \times 10^{- 19} \times 2.4 \times 10^{- 10}) 4 \times 10^{5} \Rightarrow U = - 3 \times 10^{- 23} (a p p r o x .) .$

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